Characterization of the Phenanthrene-Degrading Sphingobium yanoikuyae SJTF8 in Heavy Metal Co-Existing Liquid Medium and Analysis of Its Metabolic Pathway

Characterization of the Phenanthrene-Degrading Sphingobium yanoikuyae SJTF8 in Heavy Metal Co-Existing Liquid Medium and Analysis of Its Metabolic Pathway

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common organic pollutants with great carcinogenic threaten, and metal/PAH-contaminated environments represent one of the most difficult remedial challenges.In this work, Sphingobium yanoikuyae SJTF8 was isolated and identified with great and stable PAH-degrading efficiency even under stress conditions.It could utilize typical PAHs (naphthalene, phenanthrene, and anthracene) and heterocyclic and halogenated aromatic compounds (dibenzothiophene and 9-bromophenanthrene) as the sole carbon source.It could degrade over 98% of 500 mg/L phenanthrene in 4 days, and the cis-3,4-dihydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol was the first-step intermediate.

Notably, strain ORG COFFEE SUBSTITUTE SJTF8 showed great tolerance to heavy metals and acidic pH.Supplements of 0.30 mM of Cu2+, 1.15 mM of Zn2+, and 0.

01 mM of Cd2+ had little effect on its cell growth and phenanthrene degradation; phenanthrene of 250 mg/L could still be degraded completely in 48 h.Further, ZMA the whole genome sequence of S.yanoikuyae SJTF8 was obtained, and three plasmids were found.The potential genes participating in stress-tolerance and PAH-degradation were annotated and were found mostly distributed in plasmids 1 and 2.

Elimination of plasmid 2 resulted in the loss of the PAH-degradation ability.On the basis of genome mining results, the possible degrading pathway and the metabolites of S.yanoikuyae SJTF8 to phenanthrene were predicted.